Tips for wound managements:

1. Effective wound irrigation is determined by amount of solution used , not by solution type – even running tap water is fine

2. Irrigation pressure should remove bacteria from the wound not damaging the tissue

3. Necrotic tissue should be debridement, if tissue scarcity is there wait and reassess later

4. Topical agent applied at right time is essential to healing , incorrect agents applied at wrong time are detrimental

5. Cover the wound with contact layer bandage after application of topical agents

6. Honey and sugar have unique antibacterial activity which makes them ideal topical agent

7. Tie over bandages are perfect for covering for hard to bandage areas

8. A butterfly catheter can be a active closed drain if need in cases

Fluid dose calculation formula : Deficit (ml)= B.wt.(kg) x %dehydration x 1000.

Fluid therapy : normal blood volume(ml) = 7% b.wt (kg) x 1000

Daily fluid requirements= 40-60ml/kg/day… Daily sodium requirement =75-80mEq/L….. Daily potassium requirement= 15-30mEq/L…

Take utmost care in hygiene and sanitation of dogs surroundings during heat period. Organisms such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Klebsiella, Pasteurella, Pseudomonas and Proteus species can ascend through vagina into uterus (cervix is open during heat period). And after closing of cervix this infectious agents starts multiplying and can lead to Pyometra.

For IV injection, always use single new needle for each case. Never forcefully prick on the vein. Just gently slide it in to the vein. Always have the cut edge of the needle facing away from animal.