Vaccination schedule for Cattle and Buffalo Disease Name of the vaccine Type of Vaccine Dose Route Age and Booster Doses Duration of Immunity FMD Oil adjuvant Polyvalent 2 ml I/m 8-12 weeks, September and...
Definition Hepatic encephalopathy is defined as the abnormal mental state associated with augmented neuronal inhibition in the central nervous system. Etiology It is caused by the effects of toxic products that have...
The treatment of infectious diseases, as seen through history of human evolution has its basis in one health. It can be seen in the development of medicine that traditionally health was related to a...
Plants and animals inhabiting in aquatic habitat possess characteristic structural modifications that help them to live in fresh water or sea water as the case may be. The anatomical peculiarities that enable them to...
Author: Dr Marykutty Thomas Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) have recently amended the Food Safety and Standards (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations, 2011 by including Leporids under meat and...
The primary ingredients in poultry feed are grains and grain by-products, which provide protein and energy necessary for proper animal nutrition and growth. Corn, wheat and soybean are the most widely used grains in...
Egg production rate at poultry farm is falling, and then you need to keep a number of things in mind. Most of the researchers are of the view that the fluctuations in the rate...
Due to increased population and income levels, particularly in developing countries, worldwide production of meat and milk will have to double within 50 years. This will require a massive increase in the productive output...
Fossorial adaptation is a type of adaptation found in animals for digging and life underground. This may help the animal either in temperature regulation or protection from predators and sometimes for storage of food...
Dr. Vasudevan V N, Assistant Professor, Dept of Livestock Products Technology, CVAS, Mannuthy
The genus Homo belongs to the Paleolithic era, dating back about 2.8 million years. They were the Homo habilis. They are believed to be a descendent of chimpanzees or both had evolved from a...
Dr. M.S Bhadwal is currently working as Professor, Division of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, SKUAST, Jammu. Vets Info team thanks Dr. Bhadwal for sharing his knowledge on Laparoscopy in Veterinary Medicine Dr. M.S Bhadwal,...
Case Details A buffalo was presented with right sided uterine torsion, with an angle of about 180 degree. Animal was rolled towards right side by holding cervix through per vaginal route, but didn’t yield success....
Management of Prolapse A. Prolapse cases are on rise? Prolapse of genitalia is regarded as one of the major reproductive disorder in cattle, buffaloes, sheep and goats throughout the world causing great economic loss...
History A case of HF cross (4th calving) reported with skin problem as per the owner statement. White powder like lesion observed which showed crust formation on the skin Clinical signs Llot of crusted...
History Jersey cross third calving. Animal feeding normally. No other clinical signs except lot of lesion and raw wound in the dorsal region of the body Diagnosis Its a microfilaria-infected animal show no clinical...
History : Intact Male of 2.5 years old of 7 kg body weight had history frequent episodes of vomiting around 10- 20 times from Sunday morning 5 am to 7 am and they were...
Pyometra in dogs Pyometra is the accumulation of pus in uterus. It may be either closed type (closed cervix without any vulval discharges) or open type (open cervix with foul smelling purulent vulval discharges). Common...
Case Details Case of chronic knee hygroma in buffalo. The region reported as soft initially but now appeared fibrosed (8 months). On RBPT showed negative for Brucellosis. Surgery was done under xylazine sedation and...
The diseases is caused by Protozoa belonging to genus Trypanosoma and is characterized by intermittent fever, anaemia, pulling of rope, circling movements ,rapid loss of condition, head pressing and death. Cause:- Trypanosoma evansi is...
Case Details A case of intestinal obstruction in a Labrador dog was reported. A Labrador dog was brought with history of complete anorexia, vomiting after water intake, and not passing feces. On clinical examination...
WHAT IS MAMMARY GLAND Mammary gland originate from ectoderm and it’s a glands which are modified sweat (sudoriferous) glands in classification, this skin gland located outside of abdominal cavity Note: Sudoriferous gland: The sudoriferous...
Case Details A grey African parrot was presented to AMULYA PET SPECIALITY CLINIC with a history of fan hit on its left tibiaotarsal. On palpation, it was observed as fracture of distal one third...
Traumatic injury of right lateral commissure of muzzle and sublingual buccal mucous rupture by horn of adjacent buffalo. Wound was 6 days old. Lodged fodder particles were removed and after debridement, cleaning with Povidone ...
History Owner reported that animal calved 15 days back. Placenta removed manually by local vet. Now animal not taking feed and water. Owner reported that hind leg appeared swollen since 4 days, animal taking...
It is also known as infectious jaundice, Rice field workers disease. The disease is characterized by high fever, interstitial nephritis , haemolytic anaemia and abortions in 2-4 wks prior to farrowing . Etiology :-...
Food safety is regarded to be an important public health issue in the present world (WHO, 2002). High incidence of food borne diseases and diarrhoeal diseases worldwide provoked the researchers to couple new methods...
Case Details A clinical case presentation by Dr. Maninder singh M.V.Sc., Veterinary Assistant Surgeon, Hiranagar, district Kathua, Jammu and Kashmir Location : Incidence happened at owners farm .Hiranagar, Kathua ,Jammu and Kashmir History :...
Case Details Animal : Doe Species : Caprine Breed : Malabari Colour : White Age : 6 years Parity : 4 CASE HISTORY Reported that the animal is four and a half month pregnant....
Demodicosis is a chronic debilitating skin disease of dogs. Several forms of the disease can be encountered clinically and chronic generalized demodicosis is one of the most frustrating skin diseases of the canines...
Locomotion is vital to the survival of an animal and is essential to the activities such as escaping from predators and finding suitable prey, mates and habitat. Arborial adaptation is a type of terrestrial...
Human beings always had constant interaction with the animals and surrounding environment. This association in every niche has led to a meaningful and harmonious coexistence which resulted in a healthy, productive and fruitful life....
Case Details A pair of American Bully dogs were presented with a history of breeding problem as the male dog showed lack of libido and was reported as not mounting the female although the...
Introduction Mastitis is a disease that affects a large number of dairy cattle throughout the world. A survey conducted in the major milk-producing countries indicates that each year clinical mastitis afflict 15% to 20%...
The people in developed countries have resources to pay for high quality organic products. Through Indian farmers are resources poor, they cannot afford to remain aloof to the changes in the global market and...
Body condition scoring is the visual assessment of the amount of fat and muscle in the body of cattle. It acts as a tool used to evaluate the nutritional and health condition of dairy...
Case Details The animal was treated for diarrhoea 4 days back using Sulfadimidine. Soon after the treatment cycle Alopecia was noticed probably due to the due to antithyroidal activity of Sulfadimidine. This observation might...
Case Details History of a farm with few ailing pigs showing lesions as shown in photo below. On examination the lesions revealed the condition as foot rot. This may be due to concrete flooring...
Oxidation and production of free radicals are unavoidable part of aerobic metabolism. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed inside the cells as a result of normal physiological functions like electron transport chain with in...
Malassezial dermatitis is caused by Malassezia patchydermatis, a lipophilic, nonmycelial, saprophytic, unipolar budding yeast that occurs as a commensal organism in the skin of dogs and cats. Recently infection with other lipid dependant species...
A case of Japanese encephalitis has been reported from Kalliassery in Kannur district during the last month (July, 2016). This has put the health department officials on a high alert, and they have started...
Case Details An HF crossbred cow of full term pregnancy was struggling to deliver its calf. No defecation and urination from was observed by the owner during the delivery time. Previously suspected for uterine...
“Infectious disease is one of the few genuine adventures left in the world. The dragons are all dead and the lance grows rusty in the chimney corner…”- Dr. Hans Zinsser (1878-1940), the American physician-cum-bacteriologist...
Tips on Hand-Rearing Baby Deer (Emergency care) The principles of rearing orphan deer are no different to those that apply to lambs and cattle calves. Hand rearing saves young deer that would otherwise die....
Dr. Ravinder Singh, Fatehgarh, Punjab (Contact No. 09815728047)
Case Details Four month old Labrador pup showing difficulty in moving, stiff neck (lock jaw like) and erect tail. Temp of 105 deg. F temp. Lower jaw movement absent. Stiffness of all 4 limbs...
Case Details History of a cattle bitten by a bandicoot at the tail region. Clinical observation revealed setting up of gangrene. Surgery was initiated. Tourniquet was applied, epidural Anesthesia was given, ‘V’ shaped skin...
Dr. U. V. S. Rana graduated BVSc & AH, MVSc, & PhD in Veterinary Bacteriology & Virology from GBPUA & T, Pantnagar. He has served in various capacities in National Centre for Disease Control...
Cursorial adaptation is a type of terrestrial adaptation for running. This exceptional running ability has been developed in a number of mammalian groups. This may be for escaping from the predators as noticed in...
Case Details Heifer just calved but showed inflammation and swelling of external genital organ. Fever 105 degree F. Gradually the swelling extended to the udder, followed by ventral body. Suspecting ascending infection from placenta...
Extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR TB) is a rarest type of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis which causes chronic disease characterized by granulomatous lesions in lung and other body parts but the main feature is its inherent resistance...
Haemotropic Mycoplasmas or haemoplasmas, previously known as Haemobartonella are gram negative but non acid fast rickettsial organisms, now classified in the family Mycoplasmataceae. They have not been cultivated outside the host. Natural infection in...
In India alone, 150 elephants have died while crossing the railways tracks between 1987 and 2010. India has the largest wild population of the Asian elephants— around 28,000 in number. A report by the...
Livestock production systems in India are mostly based on traditional knowledge, low cost agricultural residues and agro-byproducts leading to lower productivity. There is an urgent need to have a national policy in place, to ensure...
Dr. Ravinder Singh, Fatehgarh, Punjab (Contact No. 09815728047)
Case Details A dog (Breed Labrador) on clinical examination showed yellow coloration of mucous membranes and skin. The animal is 8yr old. Lab findings was suggestive of Chronic Renal Failure and Jaundice. LFT appears...
Case Details Humerus over riding fracture. Bone plating done. Demonstrated Below. Images Dr. COHEART @ Vets Weekly Desk The use of bone plates and screws is a common and effective treatment modality...
Dr. Ravinder Singh, Fatehgarh, Punjab (Contact No. 09815728047)
Case Details A case of nasal granuloma in a bullock. Operated under xylazine sedation. The animals showed chronic irritation of the rope used for its control. Small granulated growths can be treated (with anthiomaline)...
Case Details Owner reported that animal calved (4th calving) normally and placenta was shed in time. On examination it was observed that the uterus was prolapsed Treatment Inj.lignocaine, 2% epidural 5-10ml. Prolapsed portion was...
Case Details Fetal maceration results when abortion or parturition fails to occur following fetal death and Corpus Luteum regression. A queen (female cat) of One and half years old was presented to the clinic...
Zoonotic diseases are those diseases or infections which are naturally transmitted between human and animals. Many of these zoonotic diseases are found to infect humans by way of arthropod vectors. Climate plays a vital...
There are approximately 160 species of chameleon which come in a range of colors, including pink, blue, red, orange, turquoise, yellow and green. They are distinguished by their zygodactylous feet; their separately mobile, stereoscopic...
Babesiosis is a zoonosis caused by tick-transmitted intra erythrocytic protozoa of the Phylum Apicomplexa. The main pathological event is lysis of erythrocytes resulting in haemolytic anaemia, which in severe cases may lead to organ...
To bridge the gap between demand and supply of animal feed resources, a variety of unconventional feed ingredients are being explored due to their commendable protein content, availability and low cost. Majority...
Breeding for parasitic resistance is regarded as a more reliable, economic and sustainable way of controlling parasitism in livestock as the host resistance is stable, heritable and long lasting. More importantly, host genetic resistance...
Case details A female Rose Ringed Parakeet aged 7 years was brought to clinic with a history of anorexia, distress, tail bobbing and occasional straining for past 2 days. Though it was tentatively diagnosed...
Case Details Newborn calves can sometimes have leg deformities that range from mild to severe. The most common deformity is contracted tendons and results in the calf being unable to properly extend its legs...
Dr. Parvinder Kaur Lubana and Dr. Amanpreeth Mangat
Case Details In a herd of 6-7 animals, one animal showed symptoms of Ruminal impaction, constipation, hypothermia, convulsions and recumbency. Suspected of cyanide poisoning. Feed and blood sample was sent to laboratory for diagnosis...
Case Details Urinary calculi was observed in a 6 yr old pug dog. Case history revealed that the animal fed with ready-made feeds with high protein contents and water intake was less which could...
Case Details The case of a Labrador female dog (7 yr old) was presented with a history of nodular, hard mass in the second right abdominal mammary gland. History revealed that the size increased slowly...
Case Details Animal showing lameness. History revealed frequently shifting of the weight from one leg to another while standing. Case diagnosed as Sole ulcer, which is a circumscribed lesion affecting the sole or sole-heal...
Introduction India is one of the mega biodiversity hot spots contributing to the World’s biological resources from the long stretches of Eastern Ghats on the East, the greater Himalaya range on the Northern Plains...
Snakes have got something of a dangerous reputation for over the past few thousand years. Snakes have been mistrusted if not flat-out feared. Some of theses species are gradually getting extinct and its our...
Introduction Nitrate poisoning in cattle is caused by the consumption of an excessive amount of nitrate or nitrite from grazing crops, hay, silage, weeds, drinking water, lubricating oil, fertilizer, ete. Nitrate is a natural...
Deficiencies of some minerals and vitamins causes impaired immunity and can increase the susceptibility of cattle to infectious diseases and risk of acquiring mastitis. Following are the role of some minerals and vitamins that prevents...
Dr Amarpreet Singh Pannu is a Veterinary Officer at Civil Veterinary hospital, Ajnala Distt. Amritsar, Punjab. He graduated from GADVASU. Dr Amarpreet has 17 years of experience in large animal practice. Vets Weekly interviewed...
About the condition In this condition (hard milker), milk come out in small streams and milking time is prolonged due to contraction of sphincter muscle. This condition is mainly caused by over developed sphincter...
A fatty tumor (or lipoma) in dogs is one of several different types of skin tumors. It is a slow-growing collection of fat cells usually found just under the skin. Fatty tumors are different than normal...
There is a need to understand the epidemiology of vector borne zoonoses at the community level and provide improved diagnostic facilities which should be rapid, specific, simple and affordable. Emerging vector borne zoonotic diseases...
No doubt, industrialisation has gifted us with convenient living, facilities undreamt of a decade before. But what about the countless hazards it has brought in, through the ever rising levels of pollution. Environmental pollution...
A characteristic feature of avian skin is the absence of sweat glands and sparse distribution of sebaceous glands. Preen gland or uropygeal gland or oil gland is a sebaceous gland situated between the tail...
Postmortem findings recorded in a buffalo died after vaccination “X” vaccine was administered to a pregnant heifer buffalo in the neck area. Behavior of the buffalo was very furious. After injecting the vaccine, buffalo...
Case Details Eruptions (as shown below) seen in buffaloes. In the herd of four, only one animal was affected. “Suspect Tabanus fly bite allergy. Though only one animal affected, Individual variation will be there....
Jugular vein is the most common site for Intravenous injection in large animals. But in the field when we have to riskily jump around a non cooperative animal, when the vein is not prominent...
Male (Shih Tzu) 8 years old on going heart failure grade 2 murmer, presented with a bleeding tumor in the perineum region. Owner agreed for chemotherapy, vincristine 2 shots at 10 days apart was...
Case Details Typical posture in a spinal injury called Schiff Sherrington posture where fore limbs are hyper tonic & hind limbs are flaccid. On neurological examination, the lesion was seen localized at thoraco lumbar...
Case Details Pooled faecal sample of goat. Utilizing faecal floatation technique, sample was found to be positive for mixed infection of Trichuris eggs, Monezia expansa eggs and Haemonchus eggs. Adult tape worm passed in faeces. Monezia worms...
The feeds and fodder produced from soil deficient in essential minerals results in impaired livestock production and health. To overcome this problem optimum inclusion of mineral mixture in the diet of dairy cattle...
Case Details Lipoma in a seven year old god (Breed: Labrador Retriever) Treatment Operated under Ketamine and Xylazine anaesthesia. Intacef-tazo 562 mg and Dolobax 2 ml (5 days) Images
Dr. Amarnath, Amulya Pet Clinic, Salem, Tamil nadu
Case Details An non-descriptive puppy of age 35 days was crushed injured by vehicle accident. On examination there was no evidence of bruises or tear on the skin as it was intact and no...
Case Details Blood samples was evaluated from a herd of cattle (40 animals). Clinically the animals were anaemic and showing tick infestation. Coughing and difficulty in respiration were noticed when animals were exerted (walking). Intestinal...
Case Details 10 year old, Non descript dog with history of swollen mass on gums. All other parameters are normal. Diagnosed as Epulis Treatment Case treated successfully under Ketamine +Diazepam Anesthesia surgically Images ...
Horse racing in India is over 200 years old. The first racecourse in the country was set up in Madras in 1777. Today, India has a very well established racing and breeding industry, and the sport is...
Case Details Six year old GSD. Testicle swelling noticed. Negative for Brucellosis. No pyrexia Treatment Amikacin- 500 mg and Dolonax in. Intacef-tazo 56 Image Useful tip 1. “For the testicle swelling, we need to...
Case Details A kid 3 Months old presented with bilateral swelling of maxilla and mandibles. Unable to close the mouth and eat. Mild pain on palpation. Treatment Correction of nutritional deficiency (esp. Calcium). Differentiate...
Dr. AMARNATH MUTHUKRISHNAN is a Veterinarian at Amulya Pet Specialty Clinic- Salem. He graduated from Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal. He is a dedicated pet animal practitioner of Tamil Nadu and has keen...
Joint ill is an infectious disease to new born calf in which immunity is lowered. This condition usually occurs in 1 week to 1 month age of calf. Joint ill also known as navel...
Case Details Inflammation of the wall of the teat. Seen due to mechanical injury of teat cistern. Wall of the teat was thickened, hard to touch and painful. It felt like a dense vertical...
History Owner reported that there is bilateral swelling of both front leg since last 2 days. One examination of the animal, it was observed that the heifer was 9 month pregnant. The temp was...
Case of Buffalo allergic mammilitis. No history of trauma. Spreading from teat to teat. Treatment suggested Asthalin spray for allergic mammilitis with parenteral steroids (suggested by Dr. Prashant) Ulcerative mammillitis Ulcerative mammillitis is an...
Haemonchus eggs in faecal pellets of goat Adult Haemonchus contortus– Goat Abomasum (Post-mortem). Clinically goat is week , anaemic rough hair coat and slight oedema in dependant parts of body (- Presented By Dr....
Take utmost care in hygiene and sanitation of dogs surroundings during heat period. Organisms such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Klebsiella, Pasteurella, Pseudomonas and Proteus species can ascend through vagina into uterus (cervix is open during heat period). And after closing of cervix this infectious agents starts multiplying and can lead to Pyometra.
For IV injection, always use single new needle for each case. Never forcefully prick on the vein. Just gently slide it in to the vein. Always have the cut edge of the needle facing away from animal.